A summary of Kahn and Kellner pp.183-185, pp.190-198

Online communities are an important domain of the global Internet. While main media in the U.S have promoted Bush's militarism, economic and political agenda, many online communities have attempted to develop alternative organs of information and communication by using the Internet to produce modes of democracy. The Internet itself is experiencing changes toward becoming a more participatory and democratic medium. Online communities are used to promote democracy and social justice on local and global scales by using information and communication technologies.